Educational/school Psychology in the Pursuit of Human Well-being

Education / School Psychology in the pursuit of human welfare Introduction Now we are living in the modern world of technology. With the help of science and technology we have developed in all fields. India is a developing country. We have large quantity of human resources after China. However, the literacy rate is very low compared to other developed and developing countries in the world. India is a rich country, but Indians are poor. With the help of science and technology and using all sources of possible adequately to India to become a developed country in the world. In the modern world for people living with high blood pressure. Students in schools and colleges also are living with high blood pressure because of heavy competition. It is necessary to introduce psychology as a general theme in all classes at school and university levels. Yoga and meditation is also necessary for each and every one in the world. Definition of education Ø Education is the learning of human souls to what is best, and do what is best for them? - John Ruskin Ø Education is a weapon whose effects depend on who holds it in his hands and in which it is addressed. - Joseph Stalin The education comes from the Latin word Educare, which means “increase”, “to appear”, “to train”, “backward”. Education means the gradual process of acquiring knowledge. Education is a preparation for life. Education is also defined as the profession of teaching (especially in a school or college or university). Importance of Education India is a union composed of twenty-eight states and seven territories. The Constitution establishes the directives on the development of education throughout the country. The areas in which the respective central banks and state governments have domain have been identified in the Constitution as the core list, the list of state and concurrent list. Until late 1970, school education has been on the state list, which means that states have the final say in managing their respective school systems. However, in 1976, education was transferred to the attendee list through a constitutional amendment, with the aim of promoting a sense of educational partnerships between central and state governments. Today, the central government establishes general policies for the development of education curricula and management practices. These serve as guidelines for States. In general, the beginning of a very early age, children learn to develop and use their mental powers, moral and physical, they acquire through various types of education. Education is commonly referred to as the process of learning and obtaining knowledge at school, in a form of formal education. However, the education process not only begins when a first child to school. Education begins at home. You not only gain knowledge of a teacher, you can learn and acquire the knowledge of a parent, family member or even an acquaintance. In almost all societies, attending school and receiving an education is extremely vital and necessary if we want to succeed. Educational Psychology Educational psychology is the study of how humans learn in schools, the effectiveness of educational interventions, the psychology of education, and social psychology of schools as organizations. Although the terms “educational psychology” and “school psychology” are used interchangeably, researchers and theorists can be identified as educational psychologists, whereas practitioners in schools or school-related values are identified as school psychologists. Educational psychology is concerned with the processes of educational attainment among the general population and population subgroups such as gifted children and those subject to specific disabilities Educational psychology can in part be understood through its relationship with other disciplines. It is reported mainly in psychology, related to the discipline analogous to the relationship between medicine and biology. Educational psychology, in turn informs a wide range of specialties within educational studies including instructional design, educational technology, curriculum development, organizational learning, special education and classroom management. Psychology for draws from and contributes to both cognitive science and learning science. In universities, departments of educational psychology are usually housed in colleges of education, possibly accounting for the lack of content representation in the books of educational psychology introduction to psychology. Uses of Educational Psychology For individual differences and seeking disability Each person has an individual profile of characteristics, abilities and challenges arising from learning and development. These manifest as individual differences in intelligence, creativity, cognitive style, motivation and the ability to process information, communicate and relate to others. The most common disabilities found among school-age children are disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), learning disabilities, dyslexia and language disorders. Less common disabilities include mental retardation, hearing loss, cerebral palsy, epilepsy and blindness. Although theories of intelligence have been discussed by philosophers since Plato, intelligence testing is an invention of educational psychology, and coincided with the development of the discipline. Continuing discussions on the nature of intelligence revolve on whether intelligence can be characterized by a single scaling factor of intelligence (Spearman general), multiple factors (as in Sternberg’s theory Triarchic intelligence and Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences), or can be measured at all. In practice, standardized instruments such as the Stanford-Binet IQ test and the WISC are widely used in economically developed countries to identify children who need individualized educational treatment. Children classified as gifted are often provided with accelerated or enriched programs. Children with identified deficits may have a better education in specific skills such as phonological awareness. For social, moral and cognitive Developemnt To understand the characteristics of students in childhood, adolescence, adulthood and old age, educational psychology develops and applies theories of human development. Often as stages through which people pass as they mature, developmental theories describe changes in mental abilities (cognition), social roles, moral reasoning and beliefs about the nature of knowledge. For example, educational psychologists have investigated the applicability of the teaching of Jean Piaget’s theory of development, according to which children mature through four stages of cognitive ability. Piaget hypothesized that children are not capable of abstract logical thinking until they are older than 11 years, so younger children should be taught the use of objects and concrete examples. Researchers have found that transitions, such as concrete to abstract logical thought, do not occur simultaneously in all areas. A child may be able to think abstractly about mathematics, but remain limited to concrete thought when reasoning about human relationships. Perhaps the most lasting contribution of Piaget is his idea that people actively construct their understanding through a process of self-regulation. Piaget proposed a developmental theory of moral reasoning in which children progress from a naive understanding of morality based on behavior and results to a more advanced understanding based on intentions. Piaget’s views on the moral development of Kohlberg developed a stage theory of moral development. There is evidence that moral reasoning described in stage theories is not sufficient to explain moral behavior. For example, other factors such as modeling (as described in social cognitive theory of morality) are required to explain bullying. Theories of development are often not presented as change between qualitatively different stages, but as gradual increases in the scale separately. Development of epistemological beliefs (beliefs about knowledge) have been described in terms of gradual changes in the belief of the people on security and retention of knowledge, the fixity of the capacity and credibility of the authorities and teachers and experts. People develop more sophisticated beliefs about knowledge they gain in education and maturity. Psychology and Teacher Maestro is a national builder. He has a power to change the world through education. According to our Indian teacher is a third god. Prominet teacher plays a role in the development of society. Educational Psychology is a major theme in teacher education in D. Ed B. Ed and M. Ed levels. It is necessary for every teacher to know about psychology. Becausse is necessary to know the behavior of students in the class. Teacher has different roles, like father, consultant, adviser, administrator and so sympathetic. The future of any country lies in the hands of teachers. Therefore, it is necessary to give importance to teacher education. So our government introduced the field of psychology in the teaching curriculum. After passing the course, the teacher-student 1) Explain the psychology and its relation to education. 2) Classify the different branches of psychology and explains their meaning. 3) Explain the importance of heredity and environment and its influence on the educational process. 4) Explain the different aspects of child development. 5) explains the growth and human beings and their behavior. 6) Describe the individual aspects of child development. 7) Explain the main needs of children. 8) Explain the secondary needs of children. 9) Explain the theories of learning and the factors that influence learning. 10) Explain the concept of socialization. 11) explains the different types of learning. 12) Understand the concept of motivation and the measures to be taken to motivate children. 13) Explain the care and uses. 14) Develop skills of observation, listening, responding and understanding. 15) Describe memory, remembering and forgetting and identifies conditions of good memory. 16) Describe the effects of different methods used for the learning process. 17) Explain the thought process and its uses-perception, conception, perception of different ages. 18) Explain the role of creativity and development. 19) Explain the meaning of intelligence and understands the changing concept of intelligence. 20) Improve the personality development of students. 21) describes the mental health and mental health. 22) Understand the exceptional children and their meaning. 23) Practice guidance and counseling for students in the school. Conclusion Educational psychology is an application of the principles of psychology for effective learning and behavior modification in the desired dimensions. Knowledge of educational psychology makes a teacher effective in motivating students in their learning. In short, is an inseparable part of the strategy in education. Education gives knowledge, wealth and health. Education is a solution for all kinds of problems in society. Through education for global development is only possible for a person in society. Through education, it is easy to know about the behavior of students and people in society with the help of psychology. Therefore, it is necessary to study the psychology all people in society in the modern world. Educational Psychology helping the overall development of the student. References 1. A cognitive psychology for by Asubel, DP 2. . Element of educational psychology by Bhatia, HR 3. Psychology applied to teaching by Bichler, RF 4. Educational psychology for Cole, CE and Bruce, WF 5. http:/www. google. com *****